Lockout/Tagout is Part of an Energy Control Program
Every workplace should have an energy control program in place, with LOTO safety being one part of that program. An energy control program includes established procedures for using locks and tags; the locks and tags themselves; training workers on hazards of hazardous energy and lockout/tagout procedures, policies, and equipment; and periodic reviews and inspections of the system (at least annually).

Here are three good resources to help you develop your own workplace energy control program:

NIOSH, Guidelines for Controlling Hazardous Energy During Maintenance and Servicing
Texas Department of Insurance, Sample Written Program for Control of Hazardous Energy
Maine Department of Labor, Control of Hazardous Energy Sample Program
 

The OSHA General Industry standard that covers all this is 1910.147, The Control of Hazardous Energy (Lockout/Tagout). OSHA has also prepared this great list of resources related to hazardous energy control as well as this Lockout/Tagout eTool.

Plus you might enjoy some of this helpful Lockout-Tagout information